They involve the pendulum-primarily based Constantinesco torque converter, the Lambert friction gearing disk drive transmission plus the Variomatic with expanding pulleys and also a belt travel.F (totally free-move place): at this stage there is no load within the turbine, the pace ratio is incredibly near 1, which implies the turbine speed matches

In fashionable automotive apps, it is generally at this time of operation exactly where the lock-up clutch is used, a procedure that tends to further improve fuel effectiveness.In substantial effectiveness, racing and hefty duty commercial converters, the pump and turbine may very well be even more strengthened by a course of action identified as f